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Based on the context, eagerly I well come feed back topics . The purpose is to learn from each other . I might as well put questions , specially , in certain Science Matters writings as enhancement of thinking .

 

Neither to say all of you are Albert Einstein nor you should strive to be as him  , nevertheless , I would like you to know that he had difficulties in learning , particularly , in languages . Hence uncle Jakob Einstein , the engineer , introduced him to the joys of algebra that helped him to challenge himself , consequently , was overcome with great happiness and was already then aware of the direction in which his talents were leading him . It goes on Einstein’s greatest intellectual stimulation came from a  medical student by the name Max Talmud who used to dine with his family once a week . He brought him science books including a popular illustrated series called ' People’s Books on Natural Science ' by Aaron Bernstein a work  which  I read with breathless attention , said Einstein .

 

To those of you at the level of school leaving or finishing first year college who seem to be interested in the science stream....  , I can be part of a solution to personal academic problems like I have a chemistry assignment project to discuss with or I have this strength or weakness in that subject so which college do I have to join whether it’s in Europe or Northern hemisphere ….

Soap

-is a mixture of the sodium salts of long chain fatty acids such as palmitic acid , C15H31CO2H , stearic acid ,C17H35CO2H  and oleic acid , C17H33CO2H .These acids occur as esters of the tri-hydroxy alcohol , glycerol , in animal fat and in vegetable oils .

Soap is made by boiling fat with NaOH solution and the reaction is known as hydrolysis or saponification . ( Complete chemical reaction can only be displayed with the help of ChemDraw software package .)

Detergent

In the sense of being a cleaning agent , soap is detergent .However , the term is commonly used in reference to synthetic cleaning agents such as alkyl benzene sulphonates .

Comparison

As  with soap , the ionic end dissolves preferentially in water , and the hydrocarbon chain dissolves preferentially in oils and greases .Why ?

The  synthetic detergents are more soluble than soap and , because their magnesium ( Mg ++ ) and Calcium ( Ca ++ ) are soluble , more effective  in hard water . The alkyl chain can be of variable length and degree of branching .Detergents with branched alkyl chains are more resistant to breakdown by bacteria , and are therefore called non-biodegradable , the core  point  of the whole discussion .